A second case of H.I.V. was recently cured in a man only known publicly as the “London Patient.” H.I.V. is the condition that leads to AIDS, a retrovirus that claimed the lives of over 940,000 people in 2017. There were approximately 36.9 million people worldwide living with HIV/AIDS in 2017, according to the United Nations Joint Program, UNAIDS. The virus works by attacking cells of the immune system, particularly T-cells. The virus then uses infected T-cells to make more copies of itself. Eventually, the afflicted person becomes so weak that they are unable to fight off even the most insignificant of diseases; even a cold can easily become deadly. The…